Recent research, published in Environmental Science & Technology, sheds light on potential health risks associated with popular hair care products that promise shiny, frizz-free hair. The study suggests that the substances responsible for imparting these desirable qualities may emit high levels of compounds known as siloxanes, which could pose risks to human health. Moreover, the use of heated styling tools during hair care routines may exacerbate this issue.
Siloxanes, identified as key compounds in the study, are commonly found in hair care products and are known for their hair-smoothing, straightening, and shine-enhancing properties. Despite their prevalence, the researchers express concern over the insufficient study of siloxanes’ impact on humans. Animal studies indicate potential accumulation in the body, leading to liver, lung, and nervous system damage. However, the specific effects on humans, especially during hair care routines conducted in confined spaces with heated styling tools, remain unclear.
To delve deeper into these concerns, researchers conducted experiments in a controlled environment referred to as a “tiny house laboratory.” Equipped with a ventilator, bathroom exhaust fan, and portable air conditioner, the laboratory facilitated 46 emissions tests over a two-month period. Healthy volunteers, aged 18 to 65, replicated their typical hair care routines using preferred products and styling tools at home.
During the experiments, the researchers utilized a mass spectrometer to monitor volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. Siloxane emissions were found to account for a significant portion, ranging from 71 to 99 percent of VOC emissions. Hair straightening and curling experiments showed a surge in VOCs every time hair products were applied.
Notably, routines involving heated styling tools produced higher VOC emissions, with hair straightening resulting in the highest levels compared to other styling methods. Prolonged contact of the straightener with saturated hair and freshly applied products likely contributed to the elevated emissions.
In an experiment where participants applied products both with and without heat, emissions were up to 3.1 times higher at the highest heat setting of the hair-straightening tools. Individuals with longer hair generated more emissions than those with shorter styles.
The researchers underscored that emissions during heated hair care were significantly higher than those observed in previous studies on personal care products like shampoos, designed to be rinsed away. Although using a bathroom fan during the hair care routine helped reduce exposure, siloxane doses remained high.
In conclusion, the study emphasizes the urgent need for long-term investigations into the potential health impacts of siloxane exposure. Additionally, the researchers suggest that these products may contribute up to six tons of emissions annually to the atmosphere in the United States, potentially impacting urban air quality.
